CD4047BC DATASHEET
CD4047BC DATASHEET :
Electronic Cricket Match Game using 555 IC and Decade Counter 4017
The Electronic Cricket Match game is presented below, the circuit has 8 LED which represent
various states in a cricket game - 2 runs ,six ,bowled etc.
When the Push Switch S1 is pressed momentarily, the Astable operates and all the LEDs run very fast sequentially. When S1 is released, any one of the LED stands lit which indicates the status of the match. For example, if LED D7 remains lit, it indicates Sixer and if LED 8 remains lit, it indicates Catch out.
Label each LED for its status as shown in the diagram. Pressing of S1 simulates Bowling and Running LEDs indicates running of Batsman.
IC1-555 is wired as an Astable Multivibrator with the timing elements R1, R2
and C1. With the shown values of these components very fast output
pulses are generated from the Astable. Output from IC1 passes into the
input of IC2 which is the popular Johnson Decade counter CD4017. It has
10 outputs. Of these 8 outputs are used. Output 9 ( pin9) is tied to the
reset pin 15 to repeat the cycle. When the input pin 14 of IC2 gets low
to high pluses, its output turns high one by one. Resistor R3 keeps the
input of IC2 low in stand by state to avoid false indications.
( NOTE - In Pics below i ommited the 100 ohm Resistor along along LED's as the voltage across LED's was 1.7v so there was no possibility of burning of LED's . Also The value of capacitor on pin 2 of 555 can be changed to higher value of 10uF to decrease the speed of sequential LED flashing when push button is pressed )
various states in a cricket game - 2 runs ,six ,bowled etc.
When the Push Switch S1 is pressed momentarily, the Astable operates and all the LEDs run very fast sequentially. When S1 is released, any one of the LED stands lit which indicates the status of the match. For example, if LED D7 remains lit, it indicates Sixer and if LED 8 remains lit, it indicates Catch out.
Label each LED for its status as shown in the diagram. Pressing of S1 simulates Bowling and Running LEDs indicates running of Batsman.
COMPONENTS USED :
1.one 555 IC
2.one 4017 IC Decade Counter
3.two 12K resistances
4.one 10K resistance
5.one 100ohm resistance
6.one 1uF Electrolytic Capacitor
7.one 1nF Ceramic capacitor
8.Eight LED (different colors , if possible)
9.one Push Button
10.one 5-12v Supply
( NOTE - In Pics below i ommited the 100 ohm Resistor along along LED's as the voltage across LED's was 1.7v so there was no possibility of burning of LED's . Also The value of capacitor on pin 2 of 555 can be changed to higher value of 10uF to decrease the speed of sequential LED flashing when push button is pressed )
555 IC Tester Circuit
This simple 555 IC testing-circuit tests your entire 555 timer IC, so
before using your IC check immediately that your IC is good or bad by
checking it. This can be done by checking the IC that is it is
oscillating or not. Or you can use this circuit in some other circuits
also to troubleshoot the proper working of 555 IC.
First of all insert the IC in socket very carefully so that no pin of 555 timer get damage. Now to see the result, switch on the power supply.
If your 555 timer is working properly, both the LED1 and LED2 will glow.
And any of the LEDs is off or both LED1 and LED2 are not glowing means your 555 timer IC is faulty.
First of all insert the IC in socket very carefully so that no pin of 555 timer get damage. Now to see the result, switch on the power supply.
If your 555 timer is working properly, both the LED1 and LED2 will glow.
And any of the LEDs is off or both LED1 and LED2 are not glowing means your 555 timer IC is faulty.
COMPONENTS USED :
- one 555 IC
- one 68K Resistance
- one 39K resistance
- two 220ohm resistance
- one 1uF Electrolytic capacitor
- one 1nf Ceramic capacitor
- two LED's (any color)
Voltage Doubler Circuit using 555 IC
A voltage higher than the supply can be created by a "Charge-Pump" circuit created with a 555, diodes and capacitors as shown in the following circuit. The output will deliver about 50mA.
This can be used for those components which require around 12v and the supply you have is around 5-6v , thus this is a very handy circuit for electronics DIY projects.
This can be used for those components which require around 12v and the supply you have is around 5-6v , thus this is a very handy circuit for electronics DIY projects.
COMPONENTS USED :
1.one 555 IC
2.one 1nF ceramic capacitor
3.one 100nF ceramic capacitor
4.one 33K Resistance
5.two 22uF Electrolytic capacitors
6.two IN4148 Diodes
7.one 5-12V Supply
(NOTE : i have used combination of capacitors to make 22uF )
(NOTE : i have used combination of capacitors to make 22uF )
Sending Data to Two Serial Devices at the Same Time
You want to send data to a serial device such as a serial LCD, but you are already using
the built-in serial port to communicate with your computer.
On a Mega this is not a problem, as it has four hardware serial ports; just create two
serial objects and use one for the LCD and one for the computer:
void setup() {
// initialize two serial ports on a Mega
Serial.begin(9600); // primary serial port
Serial1.begin(9600); // Mega can also use Serial1 through Serial3
}
On a standard Arduino board (such as the Uno or Duemilanove) that only has one
hardware serial port, you will need to create an emulated or “soft” serial port.
You can use the distributed SoftwareSerial library for sending data to multiple devices.
Select two available digital pins, one each for transmit and receive, and connect your
serial device to them. It is convenient to use the hardware serial port for communication
with the computer because this has a USB adapter on the board. Connect the device’s
transmit line to the receive pin and the receive line to the transmit pin.Connecting a serial device to a “soft” serial port
In your sketch, create a Software Serial object and tell it which pins you chose as your
emulated serial port.
In this example, we’re creating an object named serial_lcd, which
we instruct to use pins 2 and 3:
/*
* SoftwareSerialOutput sketch
* Output data to a software serial port
*/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
const int rxpin = 2; // pin used to receive (not used in this version)
const int txpin = 3; // pin used to send to LCD
SoftwareSerial serial_lcd(rxpin, txpin); // new serial port on pins 2 and 3
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); // 9600 baud for the built-in serial port
serial_lcd.begin(9600); //initialize the software serial port also for 9600
}
int number = 0;
void loop()
{
serial_lcd.print("The number is "); // send text to the LCD
serial_lcd.println(number); // print the number on the LCD
Serial.print("The number is ");
Serial.println(number); // print the number on the PC console
delay(500); // delay half second between numbers
number++; // to the next number
}
If you are using Arduino versions prior to 1.0, download the NewSoftSerial library and replace references to SoftwareSerial with NewSoftSerial:
// NewSoftSerial version
#include <NewSoftSerial.h>
const int rxpin = 2; // pin used to receive from LCD
const int txpin = 3; // pin used to send to LCD
NewSoftSerial serial_lcd(rxpin, txpin); // new serial port on pins 2 + 3
This sketch assumes that a serial LCD has been connected to pin 3 as shown in Figure 4-6, and that a serial console is connected to the built-in port. The loop will repeatedly display the same message on each:
The number is 0
The number is 1
the built-in serial port to communicate with your computer.
On a Mega this is not a problem, as it has four hardware serial ports; just create two
serial objects and use one for the LCD and one for the computer:
void setup() {
// initialize two serial ports on a Mega
Serial.begin(9600); // primary serial port
Serial1.begin(9600); // Mega can also use Serial1 through Serial3
}
On a standard Arduino board (such as the Uno or Duemilanove) that only has one
hardware serial port, you will need to create an emulated or “soft” serial port.
You can use the distributed SoftwareSerial library for sending data to multiple devices.
Select two available digital pins, one each for transmit and receive, and connect your
serial device to them. It is convenient to use the hardware serial port for communication
with the computer because this has a USB adapter on the board. Connect the device’s
transmit line to the receive pin and the receive line to the transmit pin.Connecting a serial device to a “soft” serial port
In your sketch, create a Software Serial object and tell it which pins you chose as your
emulated serial port.
In this example, we’re creating an object named serial_lcd, which
we instruct to use pins 2 and 3:
/*
* SoftwareSerialOutput sketch
* Output data to a software serial port
*/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
const int rxpin = 2; // pin used to receive (not used in this version)
const int txpin = 3; // pin used to send to LCD
SoftwareSerial serial_lcd(rxpin, txpin); // new serial port on pins 2 and 3
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); // 9600 baud for the built-in serial port
serial_lcd.begin(9600); //initialize the software serial port also for 9600
}
int number = 0;
void loop()
{
serial_lcd.print("The number is "); // send text to the LCD
serial_lcd.println(number); // print the number on the LCD
Serial.print("The number is ");
Serial.println(number); // print the number on the PC console
delay(500); // delay half second between numbers
number++; // to the next number
}
If you are using Arduino versions prior to 1.0, download the NewSoftSerial library and replace references to SoftwareSerial with NewSoftSerial:
// NewSoftSerial version
#include <NewSoftSerial.h>
const int rxpin = 2; // pin used to receive from LCD
const int txpin = 3; // pin used to send to LCD
NewSoftSerial serial_lcd(rxpin, txpin); // new serial port on pins 2 + 3
This sketch assumes that a serial LCD has been connected to pin 3 as shown in Figure 4-6, and that a serial console is connected to the built-in port. The loop will repeatedly display the same message on each:
The number is 0
The number is 1
Receiving Serial Data in Arduino
You want to receive data on Arduino from a computer or another serial device; for
example, to have Arduino react to commands or data sent from your computer.
It’s easy to receive 8-bit values (chars and bytes), because the Serialfunctions use 8-bit values. This sketch receives a digit (single characters 0 through 9) and blinks the
LED on pin 13 at a rate proportional to the received digit value:
/*
* SerialReceive sketch
* Blink the LED at a rate proportional to the received digit value
*/
const int ledPin = 13; // pin the LED is connected to
int blinkRate=0; // blink rate stored in this variable
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial port to send and receive at 9600 baud
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // set this pin as output
}
void loop()
{
if ( Serial.available()) // Check to see if at least one character is available
{
char ch = Serial.read();
if( isDigit(ch) ) // is this an ascii digit between 0 and 9?
{
blinkRate = (ch - '0'); // ASCII value converted to numeric value
blinkRate = blinkRate * 100; // actual rate is 100ms times received digit
}
}
blink();
}
// blink the LED with the on and off times determined by blinkRate
void blink()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH);
delay(blinkRate); // delay depends on blinkrate value
digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
delay(blinkRate);
}
Upload the sketch and send messages using the Serial Monitor. Open the Serial Monitor
by clicking the Monitor icon and type a digit in the text box at the top
of the Serial Monitor window. Clicking the Send button will send the character typed
into the text box; if you type a digit, you should see the blink rate change
example, to have Arduino react to commands or data sent from your computer.
It’s easy to receive 8-bit values (chars and bytes), because the Serialfunctions use 8-bit values. This sketch receives a digit (single characters 0 through 9) and blinks the
LED on pin 13 at a rate proportional to the received digit value:
/*
* SerialReceive sketch
* Blink the LED at a rate proportional to the received digit value
*/
const int ledPin = 13; // pin the LED is connected to
int blinkRate=0; // blink rate stored in this variable
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial port to send and receive at 9600 baud
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // set this pin as output
}
void loop()
{
if ( Serial.available()) // Check to see if at least one character is available
{
char ch = Serial.read();
if( isDigit(ch) ) // is this an ascii digit between 0 and 9?
{
blinkRate = (ch - '0'); // ASCII value converted to numeric value
blinkRate = blinkRate * 100; // actual rate is 100ms times received digit
}
}
blink();
}
// blink the LED with the on and off times determined by blinkRate
void blink()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH);
delay(blinkRate); // delay depends on blinkrate value
digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
delay(blinkRate);
}
Upload the sketch and send messages using the Serial Monitor. Open the Serial Monitor
by clicking the Monitor icon and type a digit in the text box at the top
of the Serial Monitor window. Clicking the Send button will send the character typed
into the text box; if you type a digit, you should see the blink rate change
Drakness Detector using 741 opamp IC
The circuit below is darkness detector that is it automatically turns on the LED when LDR senses no light.
LDR is the light dependent resistor when exposed to darkness, a LDR has a tremendous amount of resistance. Depending on the specific LDR in use, its resistance can be anywhere from over 100KΩ to well over 2MΩ. When exposed to bright light, a LDR's resistance drops drastically. Again, based on the LDR, it may be to 5KΩ or below or to about 30KΩ. For any LDR, you can pretty much be sure that the resistance will fall to about 30KΩ when exposed to bright light.
LDR is the light dependent resistor when exposed to darkness, a LDR has a tremendous amount of resistance. Depending on the specific LDR in use, its resistance can be anywhere from over 100KΩ to well over 2MΩ. When exposed to bright light, a LDR's resistance drops drastically. Again, based on the LDR, it may be to 5KΩ or below or to about 30KΩ. For any LDR, you can pretty much be sure that the resistance will fall to about 30KΩ when exposed to bright light.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED :
1.one LM741 IC
2.one LDR
3.Two 100k resistances
4.one 180ohm resistance
5.one 4.7k resistance
6.one LED
7.one 9-12v Battery
what are Infrared LEDs ?
Infrared LEDs are just like ordinary LEDs but the light output cannot be seen. To view an infrared LEDs, turn it on with the appropriate battery and dropper resistor and view it with a camera. You will see the illumination on the screen.
Infrared LEDs are sometimes clear and sometimes black. They operate just like a red LED with the same characteristic voltage-drop of about 1.7v.
Sometimes an infrared LED is pulsed with a high current for a very short period of time but the thing to remember is the wattage-dissipation of a 5mm LED is about 70mW. This means the constant-current should be no more than 40mA.
Infrared LEDs are also called TRANSMITTING LEDs as they emit light. These are given the term Tx (for transmitting). An infrared LED can be connected to a 5v supply via a 220R current-limiting resistor for 15mA current.
Infrared receivers (Rx) can look exactly like infrared LEDs, but they do not emit IR light. They detect Infrared illumination and must be connected the correct way in a circuit.
They have a very high resistance when no receiving IR illumination and the resistance decreases as the illumination increases.
This means they are connected to a 5v supply via a resistor and when the resistance of the infrared receiver decreases, current will flow thought it and the resistor. This will produce a voltage across the resistor and this voltage is fed to the rest of the circuit.
Here is a circuit to show how to connect an infrared LED and Infrared (diode) receiver:
You cannot use an IR LED as a receiver or an Infrared diode as an illuminator. They are constructed differently. An infrared LED has a characteristic voltage drop of 1.7v An Infrared receiver does not have a characteristic voltage-drop. It has a high resistance when not illuminated and a low resistance when it receives illumination.
Infrared LEDs are sometimes clear and sometimes black. They operate just like a red LED with the same characteristic voltage-drop of about 1.7v.
Sometimes an infrared LED is pulsed with a high current for a very short period of time but the thing to remember is the wattage-dissipation of a 5mm LED is about 70mW. This means the constant-current should be no more than 40mA.
Infrared LEDs are also called TRANSMITTING LEDs as they emit light. These are given the term Tx (for transmitting). An infrared LED can be connected to a 5v supply via a 220R current-limiting resistor for 15mA current.
Infrared receivers (Rx) can look exactly like infrared LEDs, but they do not emit IR light. They detect Infrared illumination and must be connected the correct way in a circuit.
They have a very high resistance when no receiving IR illumination and the resistance decreases as the illumination increases.
This means they are connected to a 5v supply via a resistor and when the resistance of the infrared receiver decreases, current will flow thought it and the resistor. This will produce a voltage across the resistor and this voltage is fed to the rest of the circuit.
Here is a circuit to show how to connect an infrared LED and Infrared (diode) receiver:
You cannot use an IR LED as a receiver or an Infrared diode as an illuminator. They are constructed differently. An infrared LED has a characteristic voltage drop of 1.7v An Infrared receiver does not have a characteristic voltage-drop. It has a high resistance when not illuminated and a low resistance when it receives illumination.
